A comparative analysis of natural deep eutectic solvents for extracting Ocimum basilicum L. (sweet basil): emphasis on lactic acid and choline chloride-based systems
Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, cilt.20, sa.1, ss.551-562, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 20 Sayı: 1
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1007/s11694-025-03747-z
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Compendex
- Sayfa Sayıları: ss.551-562
- Anahtar Kelimeler: Characterization, HPLC, Natural deep eutectic solvents, Ocimum basilicum, Phenolic acids, Sweet basil
- İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) represent an individual category of deep eutectic solvents that are derived from natural sources. This study prepares Ocimum basilicum extracts using 16 NaDES systems with different choline chloride and lactic acid ratios (continuously stirred on a hot plate at 50 °C) and compares them to conventional solvents. The physicochemical characterization (density, viscosity, pH, and FT-IR) was performed, and total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity was evaluated and compared with conventional solvents (ethanol and methanol mixtures at three different ratios, acetone and water). Moreover, all extracts were analyzed by HPLC. Antioxidant activities and TPC results indicated that NaDES systems performed better. The HPLC results show lactic acid-based systems are effective for the extraction of caffeic acid, while both lactic acid and choline chloride-based systems are effective for the extraction of rosmarinic acid. According to HPLC results, NaDES O (lactic acid: citric acid: water; 1:1:6) was the most suitable system for the extraction process. As a result, NaDES components and their molar ratios greatly affected the extraction ability and activity. Conventional solvents pose environmental risks due to volatility, flammability, toxicity, and carcinogenicity; conversely, our study utilizes NaDES for phytochemical analysis, demonstrating green chemistry’s advantages over conventional solvents.