Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL, cilt.216, ss.1-6, 2025 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
Toothbrushes, an essential component of oral hygiene routines, have emerged as an underrecognized source of microplastic (MP) release, posing potential environmental and health risks. This study aimed to quantify and characterize plastic particles released from commercially available toothbrush brands using microscopy, Fourier transform infrared and μ-Raman spectroscopy. Simulated toothbrushing was performed on a 3D-modeled zirconium dental arch twice daily for seven days under realistic conditions. All toothbrushes released MPs regardless of brand, with the least expensive brand generating the highest number, averaging 39 particles per day. The particles released varied in shape, including fragments, fibers, films, and pellets, and ranged in size from 8 to 1995 μm. Structural characteristics such as bristle shape and material composition (e.g., polybutylene terephthalate and nylon) were found to influence fragmentation and MP generation. These polymers, known for their durability and persistence, raise concerns due to their potential for bioadhesion and bioaccumulation in the oral cavity or receiving environment. The findings also highlight potential oral and systemic health risks, including inflammation triggered by mucosal absorption of small MPs. To mitigate such risks, the results underscore the urgent need to incorporate more sustainable and environmentally friendly materials and design strategies in oral care products from the outset.