Research Information System
ESTUDAM Public Health Journal, vol.10, no.1, pp.105-115, 2025 (Peer-Reviewed Journal)
No matter how complex scientific methods may seem, there are simple ways and tools to understand and explain them. The four-cells table is a frequently used tool for this purpose. In fact, a four-cells table is a presentation technique prepared and used to show the relationship between the options of two variables, each with two options. It is a widely used tool to summarize the collected data and present the research findings. What makes it the subject of this article is its important function in science communication beyond being an ordinary presentation tool. In other words, its role in understanding and explaining the scientific complexities. For this purpose, seven important areas of use in medicine, epidemiology, biostatistics, machine learning and artificial intelligence are summarised. These areas are: calculating the predictive value of diagnostic tests, understanding the Bayes equation, calculating the performance of classification models in machine learning, summarising the power and errors of hypothesis tests, measuring inter-observer agreement, calculating risk in research, and visualising the Chi- Square significance test.